Research
AI Citation Research
I run controlled experiments on how AI answer engines — Perplexity, ChatGPT, and others — actually pick and cite their sources. Every experiment ships its findings, method, and raw data in public. No theory, just what the engines did.
Experiment 1 — Can you steer what Perplexity cites?
75 searches in one software category (5 queries × 5 source instructions × 3 repeats), every citation classified.
Can You Control What Sources Perplexity Uses? I Ran 75 Searches to Test It
You can nudge, not steer; only “use Reddit” moved the answer in all five queries. A source instruction is a flashlight, not a remote control.
June 2026 · 7 min read
The YouTube Video Shaping AI’s Answer About Your Product Has 565 Views
The two most-cited videos were near-identical affiliate clips with ~560 and ~610 views, cited 30 times each — here, a video’s views said nothing about how often AI cited it.
June 2026 · 5 min read
→ Method & full dataset — 926 classified citations, 4 downloadable CSVs
Experiment 2 — Who really gets cited about a brand?
62 sources two engines cited about one brand (PETLIBRO), across 15 queries and three buyer stages, each classified by its own stated incentive.
Even Brand Queries Are Not Owned by the Brand
Even on brand-name queries, AI leaned on review sites, Reddit, and retailer reviews alongside — and sometimes above — the brand’s own pages.
June 2026 · 9 min read
AI does not cite a neutral web. It cites an incentive map.
“Third-party” is not the same as independent: of 16 advice-style sources, only one had no visible product-commerce incentive.
June 2026 · 9 min read
Experiment 3 — Same query, different engines
I asked Perplexity and ChatGPT the same question. Only one source overlapped.
For “best AEO tools 2026,” only hubspot.com appeared in both engines’ visible citations; citation visibility is engine-specific.
June 2026 · 8 min read
The playbook
How to Get Cited by ChatGPT and Perplexity: What I Found Analyzing Their Actual Sources
Small specialist sites made up 7 of 17 cited domains; focused pages that lead with a direct answer and structure for extraction get cited, regardless of domain size.
June 2026 · 7 min read
New experiments land here as I run them. About this research →